Which statement best defines nature-based solutions and provides an example?

• A. Actions that rely solely on engineered infrastructure to manage climate risks.
• B. Actions inspired by natural processes to address climate or resilience challenges; examples include wetlands restoration and urban tree canopy expansion.
• C. Measures that replace natural systems with synthetic ones.
• D. Financial investments in non-renewable resources.

Answer: (B)

Nature-based solutions are actions that draw on natural processes to reduce climate risks or increase resilience, delivering benefits for people and ecosystems. They work with nature rather than relying only on built infrastructure. Wetlands restoration slows floodwaters, improves water quality, and creates habitat, while expanding the urban tree canopy lowers street temperatures, sequesters carbon, improves air quality, and supports urban biodiversity. This fits best because it emphasizes using natural processes to address climate or resilience challenges, rather than replacing natural systems with artificial ones, relying solely on engineered structures, or directing funds to non-renewable resources.