Which stakeholder's funding is limited to public donations and grants, making their funding unreliable and hindering long-term scale?

• A. Intergovernmental Organizations
• B. Governments
• C. Corporations
• D. NGOs

Answer: (D)

Funding stability and predictability are crucial for growing and sustaining long-term programs. NGOs rely mainly on public donations and grants from foundations, which are inherently variable. Donor priorities shift, economic downturns affect giving, and grants often come with time limits and program-specific restrictions. This makes it hard to secure steady, multi-year funding necessary to scale up efforts or maintain large initiatives over time.

In contrast, governments and intergovernmental organizations have funding that comes from stable sources like tax revenues or member contributions, often structured into multi-year budgets. Corporations can draw on ongoing revenue streams and investment capital. These more predictable funding models support long-term planning and scale more reliably than donation-driven funding.

So, the description fits NGOs best, since their primary funding sources—public donations and grants—tend to be less stable and less reliable for sustaining long-term expansion.