What does the Montreal Protocol regulate?

• A. Production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances
• B. Greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles
• C. Water quality standards
• D. Endangered species protections

Answer: (A)

The Montreal Protocol is about limiting and phasing out substances that permanently deplete the ozone layer. It sets legally binding schedules to reduce and ultimately stop the production and use of ozone-depleting substances like CFCs and halons, with international cooperation and trade controls to ensure compliance. This focus on protecting the ozone layer distinguishes it from regimes that regulate greenhouse gases from vehicles, water quality, or endangered species protections. The protocol also uses amendments and a funding mechanism to help developing countries meet the phase-out timelines, reflecting its global, collaborative approach to reversing ozone damage.